http://www.christiania.org/
og
http://www.christianiaooo.dk/
Read news about Christiania at:
Pressegruppen - The Press group
Mail: capressgroup@gmail.comTlf.: +45 7020 1971
Nyt Forum - information office
Information og arkiv - Information og archivemail: nytforum@christiania.org
Tlf.: +45 3295 6507
Økonomikontoret - The economy office
Håndterer Christianias fælles økonomi -Handle the collective economy of Christiania.
Mail: okonomi@christiania.org
Tlf.: +45 3257 1785
Rundvisninger - Guided Tours
Bliv rundvist af en christianit og få et indblik i vores lille bysamfund og dets historie -Take a tour with a christianite and get the insider story of our little community and it's historywww.rundvisergruppen.dk
Mail: bestilling@rundvisergruppen.dk
Tlf.: +45 3257 9670
Ugespejlet - Weekly Mirror
Christiania avis - local newspaperUdkommer hver fredag.
Deadline onsdag kl. 16.00 hos indkøberen (postkasse)
Mail: ugespejl@hotmail.com- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
History of Freetown Christiania
Christiania also called Freetown Christiania or just "Staden" - is an area in the district of Christianshavn (Christians harbour) inCopenhagen, with an area of approx. 34 acres and approx. 1,000 residents. Christiania consists of the disused Baadsmandsstraede Barracks, the former Munition Arsenal and a part of the old defense system Christianshavns Vold. (Christians Harbour Rampart).
It is a kind of collectivist Anarchist, Socialist Anarchist sanctuary where everyone who lives there can help determine what should happen.
Christiania's flag with the three yellowdotscome from the three "i"s in the Christiania word.
Christiania is Copenhagen's second largest tourist attraction, and has annually about 1 million visitors.
Christiania Act of 1989 enabled the planning of the area could sort under the Defense Departmentinstead of the municipality. The Act was amended in 2004 to allow conversion of the historical rampartto a recreational area and to develop the rest of Christiania for a mixed residential and commercial.
Until 2004, trade in marijuana occurred overtly, but it was stopped, partly by the residents themselves, January 4. 2004, partly by a large policeoperation March 16. 2004.
Hash Trade was so on resumed the same extentas previously.
Since then, the relationship between authorities and Christiania has been characterized by conflictual negotiations.
May 18. 1971 HistoryThe Defense Ministrys ettled barracks and munitions arsenal at Baadsmandsstraede barracks in the period 1967-1971.
It was part of the authorities made no plans for future barracks use.
People in the neighboring district saw the barracks area and thought it could be used as open space for the surrounding stocky neighborhoods.
On May 18. 1971 did a group of people so a fence down and established a junkplayground for neighborhood children.
During summer and autumn of 1971 squatters moved in and took more barracks buildings in use, and has since been governed as a sort of commune, but has no officially recognized autonomy.
(On May 15.2001, there were 915 registered residents).
September 26.1971, is Freetown Christiania's official birthday.
An objective of Christiania was formulated and remain valid:
The goal has Christianites survived after since its inception in 1971.
2006 Sheds and experimental new buildingsThe idea was to create an autonomous society where the economy was based on recycling and sustainability, and where creativity and enterprise had free rein. In a short time was Christiania populated by several hundred people. Initially it was the military buildings that were used and converted to residential. So kept scouring the carriages made their entry- it was virtually a home onw heels in the event that Christiania was vacated. Since then followed the experimental new buildings.Through time, the first makeshift arrangements have been made permanent, the fine military buildings are built strongly about and to, with an imagination and irreverence not seen elsewhere.
Scouring the wagon shave been stationary, the wheels are gone and many have been developed for both height and width.
The new settlements ranging from recycling construction in Christiania spiritof super experimental, through designed homes to treehouses.For years the authorities tried half-heartedly to remove Christianites, but he never succeeded, partly because of massive popular support.It was only possible to enter the area through two entrances, and Christiania is a car-free city, where private use is not allowed.Today owns Christiania residents and businesses about 130 cars is limited must be parked in the area. In remote areas of Christiania has Christianites established about 100 parking spaces.
NormalizationParliament has decided that Christiania should "normalize" and the state has 2004 made a major legislative reform also called Christiania Act,*) to promote the normalization project.Palaces and Properties Agency (hereafter SES) has been commissioned to design a plan for normalization and to monitor Christianites comply with the building stop, which Christiania Act has brought.This has led many Christianites could not perform corrective work on their homes.Meanwhile, Christiania could not do a whole lot of cultural projects and feature as Christiania is otherwise known, in 2005, Christiania Circus closed and removed by police at the behest of SES, as Christianites has repeatedly refused to implement the social housing projects including a competition in collaboration with the School of Architecture on ecologically sustainable future accommodation facilitties.*)
The Act was amended in 2004.Christiania to demolish the first 50 houses February 1. 2007 as part of the normalization project.
Christiania had initiated proceedings against the state in order to determine whether Christianites has established itself in the field.
The case was led standstill and Christianites hoped thus to prevent the demolition took place before an actual decision by the ownership was in place.At Eastern High Court judgment on May 26. 2009*) lost Christianites, however, the action because the Court of Appeals denied that there had established itself in the field.
The following appointments for 1993, 1994 and 1995 contains annual returns and the Community itself in negotiations accepted this, see the following example. by the Community have prepared "Draft documents for framework agreement for 1995." Both in 1996 as in 1999 framework agreement contains an express time limit. The High Court therefore finds no reason to interpret the framework agreements differently from what follows directly from the wording, so that in the whole thing was a fixed-term contracts.It appears from the Christiania Act § 3, the Minister of Defence announced authorizations for the use of both buildings and land may be time limited and that there may be conditions attached to licenses. It is also DoD endorsement of 11 February 1994 on the framework agreement for 1994, the Ministry reserves the right to use the law sanctions. The possibility of application of the law's sanctions is again highlighted by the Ministry in its letter of 15 January 1996 to the Contact Group. The fact that Christiania Secretariat and thus Defense of the formulation of the Framework Agreement in 1991 and subsequent agreements, consciously chose to accept that the agreements contained a provision stating that the residents' right of use is confirmed, can not lead the Community to be considered at the Framework Agreements to have obtained an irrevocable right of use. Then dismissed Ejendomsstyrelsen Community Christiania principal claim.Second Community Christiania's alternative claimOutset that the Community is undisputed that Christiania areas belonging to the state. In determining whether termination is warranted and whether the notice issued Community is sufficient, the Court of Appeals therefore only take into account what is required by applicable law and agreements, as also stated in the recitals of the Supreme Court judgment of second February 1978. The Community has supported the alternative claim that the Property Board would have committed significant procedural errors in connection with the termination, particularly by lack of consultation and lack of self-examination to dismissal is unfair, and, finally, that the granted period of notice of 1 ½ years is too short. According to the termination Ejendomsstyrelsen indented by 30 June 2004 in the Official Gazette and forwarded to the Contact Group that the termination took place on the basis of § 3, paragraph. 1, in the Christiania Act as this provision is drafted after the amendment by Law No. 431 of 9 June 2004. Statutory provision contains the wording undoubtedly authority to terminate the usage rights. It also appears from the comments on the bill that this is the purpose of the provision, see Folketingstidende 2003-2004, Appendix A, p 7064-7065, of which it also appears that the intention is that the collective regime is terminated by. First January 2006. The bill has been forwarded to the Contact Group for consultation and the Contact Group, both in writing and orally of any comments.
Statutory provision does not require either the wording or the processors using a specially designated method prior to or upon termination of rights of use, except that there shall be given adequate notice. It is particularly not assumed that there should be consultations with the parties or that a particular casework related approach shall be applied by the responsible authority. The High Court does not find the Property Agency of the gas termination based on an explicit statutory authority, infringed essential administrative law principles or otherwise has made mistakes that can lead to the votes terminations are invalid. This applies regardless of whether the Community to exercise the right of use until the end of the last framework can be assumed to have rested on a public license. The High Court has also, since the termination had clear statutory authority and has been prescribed in the remarks to the bill, no reason to set aside dismissal as unfair. The starting point for determining a notice of right of use is assumed to be the 6-month period granted the inhabitants of Christiania at the poster of the first June 1979. At the recent framework agreement this period is considered to be waived at least for the duration of the agreements.National long-term acceptability of the site found the use of land may lead to a longer notice must be fixed. It may conversely be considered that notice is first given at the end of the recent Framework Agreement and the Community beforehand knew that this would not be renewed. In determining whether the stated notice period may be considered sufficient, there must also be taken into account that the contractual relationship differs from an ordinary private law so that residents do not pay rent. It is also important that, in the Christiania Act requires a subsequent interim period of 2-5 years in granting individual licenses, and there is a possibility that residents may request the assignment of replacement dwelling and cover the costs of relocation. At least under these circumstances, the district court, that it can be stated that the Community Christiania has legal claim to a longer notice than that of the Real Estate Board provided notice equivalent to the notice of parliament implied by the adoption of Act No. 431 of 9 June 2004. Ejendomsstyrelsen dismissed then also for the Community's alternative claim.There is therefore no occasion to consider Real Estate Agency's alternative claim for rejection.Third Applicants Arne Viggo Mogensen Nyborg (7), Sally-Merete Klixbüll (101), Charles Jaques Lami (226), and Grete Christensen (594)Since the above plaintiffs are all dead after the action, and when probate are completed by boudlæg, inadmissible for them, because they then can not act as litigants.4th Applicants Richardt Thomas Lionheart 'and others' assertions I.1.A., I.1.B. and I.2 The earliest, original uncontested unlawful, moving in at Christiania took place in 1971. The first april 1976, the Defense Ministry's request for enforcement court in Copenhagen that all residents of Christiania was postponed. At Eastern High Court judgment of 10 February 1977 it was notably determined that the bailiff's business could be encouraged. High Court judgment was - to the extent it was appealed - upheld by the Supreme Court by its judgment of 2 February 1978. Whether for an assertive acquisition required time period can be considered to have started already in 1971, this is so for all former residents he stopped by legal action. A new time-period may be deemed to commence at the earliest after the judgment of the Supreme Court's judgment. The poster of the first June 1979 appeared relatively soon after the Supreme Court's ruling and were published in the Official Gazette. By The poster shows a number of conditions for the use of the area and demand for payment and specify in a notice of any claim for possession. As the matter is understood by the High Court, it must be assumed that the poster content is communicated to the residents of Christiania in an efficient manner. The Framework Agreement of 1991 concluded between representatives of the Ministry of Defence and the Contact Group on Community Christiania's behalf. As a complement to the Framework Agreement in 1996 signed agreements between the Ministry of Defence, fortress and Nature Secretariat and Liaison, containing detailed regulation of construction, including the application of individual, named buildings. It appears that the progress of negotiations, including those in Christiania conducted discussions and consultations, and after it reported on Christiania's so-called consensus democracy, have the authorities been able to assume that the agreements entered into with persons as necessary to commit both the Community Christiania as Christiania's residents. Since the use of Christiania so at least since 1991 has rested on an explicit agreement between Christiania and the Defense Ministry, an eventual started assertive acquisition is considered terminated as from the conclusion of the initial framework. It is then not whether the poster of 1979 or the content of, or preparatory to Act No. 399 of 7 June of 1989 may lead to exclusion of assertiveness.Since then use at least since 1991 has rested on the contract, may acquire ownership or use of assertive not take place.In the alternative to support the contention I.1.B. and in support of claim I.2 stated that on other grounds than assertiveness has acquired a perpetual irrevocable right of use or occupancy that can be terminated by notice of 30 years, alternative a shorter notice. The applicants referred in particular to the Property's statements and notices prior to the Framework Agreement of 1991, as well as frame the content and indicated that it was intended that the conditions of use should be permanent and irrevocable. For the reasons set out above in point. 1 and section. 2 relating to the Community Christiania allegations can not be assumed that the individual plaintiffs in the Framework Agreement or by expressions having previously been obtained higher rights than the Community. Property Authority therefore dismissed these claims. 5th Applicants Richardt Thomas Lionheart 'and others' assertion IIAs mentioned in section. 1 submit to the Court of Appeals held that the applicants' use of the Christiania area in the period from 1979 until the initial framework was based on the poster of the first June 1979.None of the applicants relied on to have entered into individual leases in the period prior to the Framework Agreement of 1991. The legislative history of Act No 399 of 7 June 1989, the residents' use of the area has never been covered by rent laws, and that the use or tenancy under which no future could be established in accordance Folketingstidende 1988-89, Appendix A, sp. 5491 et seq. "General comments "section 3 Neither frame their content or the individual licenses that were issued until 2004, can lead to these can be considered as individual leases to individual plaintiffs in violation of the clear intent behind the law. Those of Ejendomsstyrelsen permits issued after the notification of rights in 2005 provides clear and unambiguous reservation in terms of both duration and nature of the rights declared by eg stated that there is a temporary use permit. The High Court therefore finds no basis for believing that the applicants' use of sites in Christiania is covered by rent laws. Property Board subsequently dismissed this claim. 6th Applicants Richardt Thomas Lionheart 'and others' assertion III and IV applicants Anita Andersen et al's assertion in The latest framework agreement which was signed by the parties in June 1999, expired on its wording, the first July 2004. Applicants by Act No. 431 of 9 June 2004 and Properties Agency's administration of which conferred a significantly longer period of notice than that resulting from the poster of 1979. The applicants, as indicated by the Property Agency, not from the poster or frame their content or on the basis of Act No 399 of 7 June 1989 had any legitimate expectation that there could be changes in the use of land and buildings. Act No. 431 of 9 June 2004, validly adopted, contains as stated above in section. 2:01 a.m. unambiguous legal basis for bringing existing rights to the end and to initiate actions for a change in administration of Christiania. Thereafter and otherwise, for the reasons listed above in section. 2 relating to the length of notice period, the district court, that each plaintiff can obtain a better position than the Community above is believed to have.The High Court also notes that the Property Board and former fortress and Nature Secretariat in - after it reported limited - number of cases has issued building permits, permits for renovations and the like for individual claimants, as authorities in certain cases - including in development plans - have accepted actually use, including use until "natural abandonment". These are individual, individual permits based on the system for regulating conditions in Christiania, which was provided by the framework agreements and both initial as Christiania after the amendment. The issuance of these permits and approvals may therefore not lead to the applicants or some of them get more rights than provided above. Then dismissed Ejendomsstyrelsen these claims. 7th Applicants Anita Andersen et al's assertions II-III According to the applicants relate to that statement those applicants who have been denied their review of the use of property or has not submitted Annex during the proceedings. The applicants have failed on these two groups of claimants indicated or demonstrated special circumstances which mean that they have a better legal position than the above is assumed for the other individual plaintiffs.Of the above section. 6 reasons dismissed Ejendomsstyrelsen therefore also for these claims.
8th costs.
After proceedings in origin and nature, includingt hat there are issues of principle, none of the parties topay costs to anothe rparty or the Treasury. The final judgement:
As regards the applicants Arne Viggo Mogensen Nyborg (7) Sally-Merete Klixbüll (101), Charles Jacques Lami (226) and Grete Christensen (594) dismissed the case.
Dismisses the remainder of the Danish state by the Palaces and Properties Agency.
Neither party to pay costs to another party or the Treasury."
SES and CA's negotiating team came then with a model for future Christiania, with housing association KAB and fund Realdania in the back, but negotiations did not lead to consensus.
On February 18. 2011 the Supreme Court upheld the High Court judgment, so it is finally clarified that the state has ownership and use rights to the area.
Later this year, Christiania residents offered to buy the area of the state, which was agreed to do at a joint meeting on June 20. 2011. Subsequently, among other things, was created a fund and sold so-called people's shares to acquire the 76.2 million crowns which the state requires for the area, the purchase agreement means it is the residents in charge of the property and use rights.
But the dream of a life of freedom, and the idea of a city ruled by still alive.
People from near and far still feel attracted to Freetown magical mixture of anarchy and love.
It started in 1971 when a group knocked down the fence on the corner of Princess Street and Refshale Road close to the Grey Hall. They wanted a playground for the kids and something green to look at.
That same year showed Charlottenborg exhibition "Something for Something", where all kinds of hippies and macrobiotics exhibited itself, sold their goods, and showed their art, theater, photos and happenings.
The exhibition was the alternative newspaper "The main magazine" released.
But squatters and alternative forces of the New Society Thy-camp 1970 lacked a place to realize their dreams.
Skaeve/Skewed Thorwald. Foto: Jens Nørgaard Larsen. 1971
Christiania's birth.
The article resulted in a massive immigration of people from near and far. They wanted to create another life based on communal living and freedom. Baadsmandsstraede Barracks were occupied. It was the Christiania birth.
The police tried several times to remove people from the area, but had to abandon because the area was too big and there were too many people.
Instead it became a political issue,which ended in Parliament.
Christiania agreed on consumption of electricity and water with the Defense Ministry, and was granted political stamp as "socialexperiment."
There was printed a competition for the area's future use, and the experiment could continue until the result of the absence.
1972
1973
The following year 1973, the Government changed and thus also the attitude towards Christiania. Now the area is cleared.
"NATO troops" were in true style managing soldiers, and in the evening there was entertainment for those brave guys with Revue bang for their buck.Christiania had now organized themselves into smaller areas - 10 in all - with local autonomy. Joint meeting of all residents was the highest authority, and while garbage team worked with waste separation, forge was about to make stoves out of old oil drums.At the Flea was a regular musical events, with everything from Turkish music to amateur rock and traditional jazz.A diversity that went and was the place plate.
Theater and political action were to mark Christiania's out years.In 1973, asked 12 small lists from Christiania up in election related Valborg embrace the municipal elections.
Valborg won a mandate and it was women who got the list.
Tine Schmedes took his child to Citizen representation meetings, and when one day she began to nurse the baby in public, raised an outcry itself.Not only in the City Hall, but also in all the country's media.
The Santa Claus Army from the Christiania actors group The Sun Chariot took the city and shared gifts from the store shelves to the delight of children and the elderly.The Santa Claus men were obviously arrested because they had no agreement with the shops to give their products away, but the image of the police that beats a Santa Claus came in all the newspapers.That same year organized Christiania the Christmas Party.
Christmas for a tradition that still exists and annually feeds about 600 people on Christmas Eve.
1975
Clearing Threats and rainbow army.In 1975, Christiania had become a pawn between Copenhagen, and the State and Government decided at last that the area to be cleared by April 1. 1976.Meanwhile, Christiania had a lot of turns.Communal, playhouse, waste separation and recycling.Shared Shops and garages are growing up, and the Sun Chariot performed The Elverhoej Show in the Grey Hall.
The idea is to create a lot of attention on Freetown and Christiania is mobilizing for the coming confrontation with the state.A rainbow army was organized, where all people are divided into colors according to their function.
Red - impetus, green - food and supplies, blue - awareness raising etc.All people in Denmark are invited to come to Christiania, and approx. 10,000 flock to.Future famous rock groups, produced a record in support of Christiania.
It becomes a huge sales success.But the first april nothing happened.
Parliament had decided at the last minute to postpone closing of Christiania.Instead, the first april a huge manifestation of what the alternative Denmark.National Museum published a book about the alternative urban environment in Freetown, and a number of known urban planners and architects are talking enthusiastically about Christiania idea.
1976
Lawsuits against the state.Christiania now brings an action against the Danish state for broken promises.*)An agreement of 1973 had printed an idea competition on the area's future use, and until then could Christianites be in the area.
In 1976 this competition is not yet printed, and therefore believes Christianites that the decision to clear the area is a breach of promise.The trial would postpone, but in 1977 Christiania. It will be appealed to the Supreme Court.*) 03.10.2008.: High Court will today release the premises for the first hearing in the case of Christianites' right to Freetown, which is old military area. The lawsuit is about whether Christianites has irrevocable rights to use the area. Back in 1971, moved the first Christianites illegally into the 34-acre area that later became Freetown, as we know it today.In 1982 the Christianites right to use the area - an agreement has been renewed every year. But in 2004 this right was denied Christianites.The lawsuit was brought against the Palaces and Properties Agency and lawyer Knud Foldschack represents Christiania.There has been allocated 12 days for legal proceedings, and there must be a number of witnesses, including former ministers. A judgement is expected in January, but the matter will be appealed, a final decission be delayed 1-2 years.
In spring they begin 723 individual lawsuits, brought against the State.
Love and Chaos exhibition
Defense brought the first april 1976 a snooze case that ended the second February 1978 by the Supreme Court upholding the High Court order for the immediate clearing of Christiania.
The judgment did not impact on Freetown. Parliament decided in February 1978 that there should make a plan for the area. Meanwhile, Freetown exist under special conditions, which was promulgated in the Official Gazette.
1977
In 1977 organized Christiania exhibition "Love and Chaos" at Charlottenborg, and a huge working festival being launched. It cleaned up and repaired.Christiania emits its own support plate - "Our Music" - a presentation of Freetown many poets and musicians.
Jesper Soelling to the right with his Pedersen bike in front of Christianias first bicycle
shop
Pedersen bicycle
1978
The case was lost at the Supreme Court and Christiania mobilize again. A plan to raise hundreds of thousands of people in defense of Christiania is implemented, and Christiania again up to municipal elections. Christiania list will have a representative in the City, Thorkild Weiss Madsen, who is known for his inflammatory speeches against property speculation and bulldozer redevelopment. Parliament now decided that they set up a plan for the area and that the place to be "normalized", without it how.
Thorkild Weiss Madsen. R.I.P.
1979
Fighting Junk.In the bourgeois media Christiania was accused of being the home of drugs and crime. The reality was that Christianites did myself up with junk. I
n Copenhagen Drive police hunt for junkies and hashish traffickers. Simultaneously, heroin was introduced in Denmark. This became evident in Christiania, where marijuana trade is growing and the number of junkies. Christiania is trying to cooperate with the police to clean the hash market for junk, but cheated of Police who instead made a large-scale raid on marijuana dealers. Christiania is now taking matters into their own hands and organized withdrawal of junkies and actions against junk dealers. This peaked in 1979-80, where a blockade against junk. Junkies were offered withdrawal treatment and the dealers thrown out.
Although in many ways was the black years, flowered other sides of the black culture. Rock Machine was the 1978 home of Copenhagen's burgeoning punk scene until 1981, when the rocker-terrorist puts a stop to the activities.Cabaret life flourishes in Opera, Rock Machine and the Moonfisher, and in 1981 takes a Christiania cabaret to Italy - invited by the city of Modena.
1982
In 1982 the Government consulting firm Moeller & Groenborg to create a plan for the future use of the area.
While Christianites builds up and builds on, doing gardens and have children, the development firm with a report which suggested that Christiania developed as an experimental city with extensive autonomy. That same year, Denmark will have a conservative-liberal government and a violent agitation against Christiania started in Sweden. Freetown was accused of being the drug center and root of all evil. Christiania responds with action, "Love Sweden" where Christianites with parades, cabaret and art exhibitions "holds" Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmoe. It creates amazing little stir in the Swedish media.
1985
Building Freetown jobs Politically goes Christiania in the next years in oblivion, but it will give peace and possibility for creating new collective work and on the whole work with his visions.Support events for the Indians at Big Mountain in the U.S. and Aassiviq conference in Greenland Keep in the Grey Hall as an expression of Christiania's kinship with other ethnic groups.On the whole, created in those years many international contacts with the alternative environments.
1987
In 1987, the Government an "Action Plan for the legalization of Christiania". It shall establish a steering group to facilitate the contact between Christiania and the authorities. Christiania's answer is a report, "Voila", proving that Christiania is able to carry out building maintenance and the maintenance of the common institutions, assuming a certain form of tax relief for businesses. They should instead give their surplus to Christiania general fund, which would then distribute the common funds.
1989
Authorities pushing for legalizing especially tavern operations in Christiania and although Christiania's pubs try to negotiate a common license, so it ends up with the places were closed by police at a large scale operation in early 1989.
The Morningplace, 1. Class Ecological Vegetarian Restaurant
Then get some pubs only a usufruct in their territory and then an official licenses from the authorities.
The same year a "Law on the use of the Christiania area" of parliament. The law forms the legal basis for a "normalization" of Christiania, in close correlation with the plan for the area as the Ministry of Environment prepared in 1989. The plan divides Christiania in two parts. A "rural" part that supposed to be cleared for residential use, and a "townlike" part, which in a regulated manner can experiment on without actual deadlines.Summer 1989 will see the launch of Strictly Underground's corporate culture with Tax Beat 89" and in the Grey Hall assembled much of the new Danish hip-hop scene with music, dancing and graffiti.Vote 4 Truckers, a Christiania rapband emit single, "Christiania - Hands Away" in support of Christiania.
In June 1989 voted by a large majority in parliament for the Christiania Act, whose purpose is to enable Christiania continued use of the area in accordance with a special national planning and alocal plan.
1990
In connection with the administration of the Ministry of Defence a Christiania secretariat in 1990 published "Objectives and means for legalization of the Christiania area." Christiania's residents make a total of approx. 90 objections to the district plan, protesting strongly against the planned division of Christiania and the many building removals by land use plan requires. In response to threats organizes Christiania in 1990 a declaration of love where all people are invited to experience for yourself Freetown everyday life and the lifestyle that the Christianites struggling. Nils Vest sends the movie "Christiania you have my heart," a personal documentary about life in Freetown.
Dialogue with the authorities.
A magazine for Denmark on Christiania's reality is born. It's "Nitten" to show another Christiania than the picture which the bourgeois press up through the 80's tried to launch - the image of a town with violence and crime. Christiania's picture is an ecologically-oriented city with low economy and extensive democracy.Christiania Secretariat wishes to contract with Christiania on the operation and maintenance of land and buildings, and Freetown will establish a contact group to be the voice of the authorities.
1991
Christiania celebrates in 1991 its 20th birthday, while the remaining pieces fall into place a framework agreement between public authorities and Christiania. Joint Meetings and Area Meetings spend much energy on the long and heated discussions, but the agreement only one year and must be renegotiated each year. In its response to the first quarterly report from the Secretariat of Defence demanded that building maintenance is encouraged. It has apparently not noticed that Christiania has established a technical management, which accelerates the build technical renovation. The office offers advice and guidance, and implements a number of major repairs. The more than 100 years old water system is repaired, resulting in a drastic reduction in water consumption and bills.Christiania sends his "Green Plan" as a visionary alternative to the local plan. Freetown's plan shows a green city, in close harmony with nature. With water recycling and garbage, renewable energy, houseboats in the moat and juvenile homes of peat and soil.September 30. was the first framework agreement was signed by Christiania Contact group.
Christiania Act individual permit system was not used generally in use. Instead, the Defense Ministry signed on October 10. 1991 a framework agreement for the right to use the Christiania area of Christiania as a collective. This is repeatedly extended, most recently with the expiration of the first July 2004.
The Framework Agreement was in 1996 supplemented by a development and an addition in 2002.
After the change of government November 27. 2001, the defense minister on several occasions carried administrative tightening.
1992
In 1992, the rent is increased to 800 million, but Copenhagen will only pay 545 million for assistance clients. After lengthy negotiations, based on Christiania's budget - documenting the financing of Freetown 'public' institutions - and after acceptance of a requirement for utility meters on businesses, the municipality accepts the rent. They know that Freetown assistance clients is the cheapest. Cultural life flourishes with Russian rock opera, techno in the Youth Club, theater in the Rock Machine and cabaret and theater in the gun house. Thousands visit the Strictly Underground's concerts in the Grey Hall, and there's football tournament at the Meadow of Peace. Curious tourists from around the world study the Christiania Bike, or explore the area.
Outside the fence the Christiania's Girls Guard up as "Conservative Women of the Union" to scare voters into voting no. It succeeded, as we know - at first. . . Police occupy Christiania as exercise area.In September 1992, Copenhagen police initiates a campaign to cleanse the hash in Christiania.
The special Christiania Patrol consists of 70 police officers who monitor the area around the clock for a 18 month long, violent campaign.
Marijuana sales are not significantly affected, but the police creates more times highly dangerous situations with bludgeon and tear gas to trigger trouble and barricades in Princess Street.
1993
Especially the civil Police perseverance many innocent with visitation by school children and unsuspecting tourists - even the local priest searched several times. Therefore, the Christiania in the spring of 1993 all forces into action weeks "Week 12 against the violence". Entertainment, street theater, small groups in dark blue overalls with a mark with IDIOCY on the back
instead of POLICE, video documentation, the legal group, working with attorneys and Amnesty International to stop police violence. Throughout 1993 is an extended dialogue between residents, people living in Christianshavn, lawyers Amnesty, the Parliamentary Legal Committee, the media, management council - even the police leadership - but Christiania patrol maintains its iron grip on Freetown. Meanwhile, the National Archives needs to register Christiania's history and asks for historical material for a special Christiania archive. Construction Office implements a comprehensive building registration.
"Antropopip"behave "Animals with clothes on" in the Grey Hal.
Christiania's street theater gets Christiania and EU support for continued EU resistance throughout the country.
Free Hash Movement celebrates its first May with a big smoke-in at the "Faelledpark". Flea celebrates 20 year anniversary as living innovator of music. The annual negotiations with the Defense Ministry concluded a contract for a municipal contribution, equivalent to property tax. Freetown is an object of study for AKF, Institute of Local Government Studies. The researchers conclude that the authorities can learn from Christiania, and that experience can be used in many places in the world. At year end culminates 1 ½ years of police action in raids and violent arrests the otherwise idyllic Christmas market.
After a crisis meeting between Freetown residents and Justice Minister Erling Olsen, Christmas peace is secured, as Christiania patrol dissolved. The police use leg-lock User Functions arrests. It is criticized by Amnesty International in 1993.
1994
At a meeting in spring 1994 with the Defense Minister and Minister of Justice, the tone is harsh and threaten to clear the area if the citizens do not get a grip on cannabis market.
Christiania regret that Parliament does not have control of the Danish drug policy. Amnesty International and the Danish Nurses demonstrate the massive use of illegal police violence, and after video documentation and
Ankles fixed with a strap or plasticstrip and attached tothe handcuffs.
Parliament handles the Danish drug policy without any thinking.
The release in March 1994, the world's first "hash strike" as Pusher Street dismantles work in protest against the failed drug policy. For five days no hash is sold in Christiania, and actions are taken with smoke-ins, petitions, supporting demonstrations against hard drugs in Copenhagen and the campaign "Plant a seed". The world press and the justice minister will visit Christiania to study the phenomenon. After this demonstration gives up police for a long time to patrol in Christiania. Although management flourishes. At the UN Social Summit, Christiania participates in NGO Conference at Holmen, while activists from around the world visit, study and live in Freetown.
1995
In 1995, the number of children has grown so much that parents and activists start constructing the fourth child care center in the area.
Organic children's house with solar and mult privy is the first public new construction for a public purpose in Christiania. Common funds prevent deployment before summer 1996. Spent much effort on "Pay your rent" campaigns, discussions of the framework agreement and relations with the authorities.
Management Council is introducing a "conversation forum" between police and Christianites, but since you can only talk to police management and not the rank and file officers, Christiania rejects the idea. Then sensor management council that it has done what it could and it dissolves itself in late 1995.
At the beginning of 1995 the Defense Department that Christianites can be regarded as "model citizens" terms of payment for utility services. The culture lives on strongly in the new Christiania bands URD and Babajay, who both release CDs. In the Grey Hall in Dragon Club, the Opera, outdors on the cairn and the Meadow of Peace gathers techno-ravers and thousands of young people from across Europe. At the same time doing Strictly Underground concerts with the hottest bands like Alanis Morissette, Blur, Bob Dylan and Rage Against The Machine. Freetown is a virtual village and manifests itself on the net with www.christiania.org
Christiania website is assisted by the Freetown talented geeks a gathering on the information superhighway for many private and common sites representing Freetown diversity in the digital field. Until today, well over one million users have visited since. The electronic revolution also makes Christiania quickly establish a local network with more than 300 users.
1996
Grassroots culture grows.
In 1996 creates the Ministry of Defence and Christiania an agreement on a "development" as a compromise between the local plan of 1989 and Christiania's Green Plan.
At the same time Christiania celebrates 25 year anniversary with a spectacular party with entertainment, theater, exhibitions, concerts, backing plate "25 Years Birthday" Image Wizard Christiania for 25 years and more. Anniversary celebration in the Grey Hall is a historic marathon show with talk of old pioneers, artists and other supporters - both inside and outside. Christiania's first child, a historical drama, "Spirits Sus", graphic artists, the country's longest cake and more. Christiania's Cultural become a cultural bridge between Freetown and the larger world by taking the time heavy topics such as violence and pacifism, marijuana and the economy up to debate and deal with them in an artistic and unconventional form.
1997
In 1997 Christiania introduces its own local currency of a reward with a value of 50 Danish kroner.
Christiania coin can be used for any trade in the area's shops, businesses, bars, cultural venues and payment to local institutions. Christiania's Cultural implement the first major marijuana consultation, which is the most comprehensive discussion of marijuana and hemp issues in the history of Denmark. Until 2001, held four expert consultations respectively in the Grey Hall, the Folketing Landstingssalen (Danish Parliament) and at the Rhythmic Music Conservatory, where the hearing is conclusive: Cops, professors, farmers, writers, doctors, judges, artists and other folks unconditional support for the legalization of cannabis.
1998
In 1998 opens Christiania Girl Guard the new refurbished Dysse bridge.
Christiania Girl GuardChristiania's friends, Naverne,*) have improved the old military bridge and built two semi-circles with benches in the middle.
*) Travelers-crafts-journey-men
The Bridge
Skaters Ramp
Skaters Ramp on the Prairie is Copenhagen's first roofed venue for both local and international skaters.
The scene is built and run by young people themselves with support from ALIS, a Christiania Company has begun to produce and sell clothing and skateboards of high quality.
2000
In 2000, Flea recognized and supported as a regional venue of the Ministry of Culture.
The Fleabuilding with 1. class Restaurant, Music Scene and Art Exhibition
Loppen (The Flea) Music Scene
Galopperiet Art Exhibition
1. Class Restaurant Loppen (The Flea)CSC, Christiania Sports Club will have its own clubhouse in the bottom of the Star Ship. Christiania's largest cultural venue, the Grey Hall will be updated with 33 new public toilets.
Grey Hall
The solution is environmentally friendly when urine separes and reused, while a disabled toilet functions as a primitive toiletry facilities. That same year Bob Dylan appears on two consecutive days for an enthusiastic audience to sold out concerts.
In front of Christiania Gayhouse
This year's edition of the most hysterical beauty contest "Miss World", will be held in the Grey Hall. Drag Festival is a celebration of everything wrong in the part of the gay community, which definitely will not be normalized.
2001
Bourgeois government requires Christiania abolished. In 2001, Denmark will have a socialist government. Liberals and Conservatives, supported by the ultra-nationalist Danish People's solid majority. The bourgeois alliance declares war Christiania and for the first time in Freetown life is a hostile bourgeois majority in parliament. The goal is the normalization through the construction of 300 new dwellings and individual agreements on ownership and rental housing - in short, a death sentence for Christiania community, based on a collective right of use.
Christiania turns 30 with celebration in the Grey Hall, where the Sun Chariot "resurrected" with music and songs from the musical "Elf Hill".
Thousands of friends of all ages and from all over the world flock to the festival that lasts for over a week. Although all the cultural sites are open, it is difficult to accommodate the many birthday guests.
At the same meeting the world's press show up to cover the event in the small metropolis.
Christiania Girl Gardes tireless and irresistible efforts over ten years commemorated in an anniversary. That same year honors Girl Guard on specific Danish Guards culture with a historical Tattoo at the Citadel. As the tourist flow to grow Christiania and Holmen strengthened are heavier traffic in the area. Traffic Group is therefore in the process of setting up parks around Christiania. In the period up to 2004 brought more than 100 parking spaces. They also provide a green garden shaped like a snake to the delight of young and elderly neighbors dwellings are located opposite the Peace Ark in the bottom of Baadsmandsstraede.
2002
As Christiania spiritual contribution to the Danish EU Presidency in 2002 will be held International Bottom meeting at the Meadow of Peace for four days,
Respect for the World's indigenous people
with presentations from the world's indigenous people, writers, artists and homeless people from near and far. Christiania Jazz Club opens at the Opera and quickly becomes a cult venue for both artists and jazz enthusiasts. The following year participant Jazz Club in Copenhagen Jazz Festival, where many big and little stars come together for jam sessions in the Jazz Club's cozy rooms.
Rami's House
2003Young artists repeat meltdown years efter.
Officials and politicians rattles diligently with threats of closure assigns Association for the Beautification of the Capital his diploma in 2003 in Christiania for the district's long and tireless effort to create and develop alternative housing. That same year the Christiania Cultural Grassroots Fund anniversary price. Closing Threats and mobilization.
More books about Christiania hit the streets, written by Christianites, former residents and journalists. A new tourist guide in English opens the door to foreigners.
Residents' advice here and Forward turns 25 years old and is issuing a commemorative writing with the experience of social grassroots work. 30 years after the Folketing (Parliament) resolution prints government Christiania Committee a competition for the area's future use. The goal is to stop the social experiment so the area can be built and normalized. At the same time highlights the officials that the residents of Christiania are generally poorer, less educated and more unemployed than the rest of the population. As a proactive response to the government's smear campaign, released a group of activists a status of self-government for ten years. The report "Christiania at work: From Vision to Reality" proves that even the administration is working and has created a functioning city with plenty of future opportunities.
Backside of Skaters Ramp
Toilet building
Graffiti painters from all over Europe gather for "Meeting Of Styles" that are held in the Grey Hall.
While bourgeois politicians scold, exchange the young artists experience, and guests have the opportunity to see and enjoy the new graffiti art on the fence around Christiania. Birthday in 2003, celebrated by reopening the old main entrance. By Carl Madsen Space opens a major environmental station where both Christianshavn and Christianites can drop off waste.
A new cafe opens in flea building with crafts and information in the friendly cannabis and alcohol free environment.
Nils Vest publishes the movie "Law and order in Christiania 2" as a direct continuation of his film "Law and order in Christiania" from 1974.
The theme is again the authorities' threats of closure and Christiania internal mobilization. As the police intensify their campaign to elect Pusherstreet strike against the government's misguided marijuana policy and provides great camouflage nets over all the stalls to make the hash trade less visible. It was the politicians' demands!
In order to maintain smoking culture for posterity gives dealers a decorated pusherhut to the National Museum.
According to Gallup seems 68 percent of Danes that it is a good idea to consider hash stall as a heritage. And three out of four locals want to preserve Freetown.Summer 2003's folk festival with great music and entertainment event at the Meadow of Peace, where a number of artists and some politicians show up to show their love for Freetown and the values it represents. At the same beats Christiania doors for the first Open House Day, where institutions, private homes and businesses accept visits. Up to 100,000 Danes visit Freetown. Shortly after the repeated success of yet another Open House Day. Last summer arranges Christiania in cooperation with friends from around the country a "People's Parade for the Right to Diversity."
Participants arrive in special trains and buses, and people parade dismantles a wreath at Liberty, and in front of Christians Castle seen numerous artists, Kim Larsen and Savage Rose in charge together with a few brave politicians in solidarity with Freetown. Subsequently, "Culture Orgy" with free musical and artistic performances on 22 stages around the Freetown. Nina Hagen appears in the Grey Hall and Steppenwolves reunite and play on a pontoon in the lake.
Approximately 70,000 people visit Christiania this day. The government ideas competition run completely out of the sand. Nobody recognized architects, men of ideas or contractors involved. Only 17 more or less dubious proposal is submitted, only eight met the formal conditions of competition and all are denigrated by the jury, which nevertheless must allocate 850,000 kroner in consolation prizes.
2004
In a necessary choice between business and Christiania survival dealers chose to remove the hash stands in early 2004. But it does not prevent the police from carrying out a mass arrest and massive patrolling so Christiania again acting as occupied territory. Police detain a number of residents and remanded them in custody record time. As a firm tradition, Amnesty International's annual report has criticized the Danish police, extensive use of detention. But for the first time in the history of Christiania is the obvious marijuana trade away.
The U.F.O.
Towards tomorrow's goals.
The campaign to defend Christiania intensified with the support of many outside. "Save Christiania" T-shirts have become a nationwide fad. A group of young people from countries including Global Roots form a powerful grassroots organization that defends Christiania action. Christiania moves out of the city and creates a temporary embassy in Christianshavn in the Institute of Contemporary Art. The diplomatic activities consist of a great show and a well-attended lecture series. A beautiful and richly illustrated picture book about Christiania dwellings published. More support CDs released by popular, and unknown artists.
Christiania get legal assistance for negotiations on a foundation model that can ensure the Freetown autonomy, collective rights of use and development opportunities.
The new adversary is a committee of officials from the Palaces and Properties Agency, as Christiania from one day to the transfer from the Defense Ministry of Finance. Copenhagen plays in the recruitment of a former occupant as a special Christiania consultant. Christiania has the strongest negotiating team up. The lawyers and eight Christianites backed by a background group with more than 30 activists, representing all parts of the Freetown community.
A comprehensive collection notes with several hundred thousand signatures that Christiania should continue as a social experiment and retain its autonomy and cultural values. The ideas are also supported by the Academy of Fine Arts which believes that urban experiment should be allowed to live and demonstrate its future strength or weakness. The same objection comes from Christiania neighbors and Christianshavn neighborhood council, which turns to a 'normalization'. Despite the apparent resistance from government and police Christiania celebrates its 33 anniversary by opening a new Youth Club in beautiful, bright rooms at the top of flea Building. Youth Club is the fifth institution to children and young people and the natural supplement Freetown different promotions for new generations of Christianites.
At the Meadow of Peace will be held International Peace Festival, where Indians, Tibetans, Africans and nationalities come together to send good energies to other conflict-ridden areas on Mother Earth. Creative men of ideas published on his birthday "Christiania architecture", as a great and visionary ideas for a series new homes - both in Christiania and floating towns in the surrounding channels.
2011
After 7years of wrangling between SES and Christiania, Christiania was in a joint meeting agreed to establish a Fund to purchase the freedompart of the site and rent the other.
September 21.:
Christiania can not even raise the millions who needed to buy the area of the state, and the need for (emergency) care and will raise 76 million crowns, which needed to conclude the agreement the 2011th. Thus there may arise a problem of ownership of that legal issue of ownership, because how can you buy a (public) equity if it has no value.
A holder of a public share will not either deed, influence, or yields, so there are actually dealing with an organized collection to support the Fund Freetown Christiania, as shown would not get it the great impact on development.
The sales tarts on Christianias 40. years birthday Monday September 26. at 4 PM.
2012
Until April 2012 ongoing collection which will make it possible to realize the purchase.
Foundation board has been appointed.
February 2012: The Fund has collected 6.6 million crowns and it is expected that the Fund is not without a capital injection from the outside can buy Freetown.
Literature:
Many many books over the years!
Freecity in Jeopardy
The guide - a guide to Christiania 2004.
Internet: www.christiania.org
www.christianiaarkiv.dk
www.balther.dk
Jørn Balther has since 2004 documented policev iolence in Christiania.
In 2007, his film, Culture War, the police Gestapo methods premiere.
Defence Freetown Christiania.
A topiclist from www.tidsskriftcentret.dk
Entrance to the barracks in Baadsmandsstraede 43, 1960
CHRISTIANIA FACT IN YEARS1967-1971. The Defense Ministrys ettled barracks and munitions arsenal at Baadsmandsstraede barracks.
1971
May 18., fence to the old barracks overthrown by a group of people living at Christianshavn. (Christians Harbour). Barracks area declared a free town Christiania.
Agreement with the Ministry of Defence- whichis now paid for water and electricity.
1972
May 31. 1972 was at a meeting of the Defense Ministry signed apreliminary agreement between Defence and the residents of Christiania area for residents' continued use of state land and buildings in the area.
1973
The government took decision that Christiania could remain on the field in a three-year period. This was communicated to the residents' negotiating team at a meeting on June 14. 1973.
1974
The city is divided into 14 areas that still exist - for example, the Milky Way, Northern Region, south Dyssen.
Sun Chariot Santa Claus Army awards gifts, taken from the shelves of such supermarkets.
1975
Government decided that the area to be cleared byapril 1. 1976.
Future famous rock groups recording a record in support of the city.
National Museum publishes a book on Freetown.
1976
March 31.was submitted bythe Ministry of Defencev. /Attorney General's request for immediate enforcement proceedings in the suspension of all residents in the area.
1977
February 10. was acquitted of the Ministry of Defence of Christiania order sought and the Defense Ministry were unsuccessful int hat the area was vacated without notice.
1978
February 2. gave the Supreme Court judgment in the matter appealed against the High Court's judgment was upheld. Supreme Court ruling was not enforced and thus ledn ot to as ettlement of accommodation in the Christiania area.
February 8. 1978e lected parliament based on the Supreme Court to adopt an adjournment, in which it appeared that one should allow the temporary use of the areacontinue. Parliament decides to prepare a local plan - the area must be normalized.
1979 - 1980
June Core on Christiania should scale down or move.
Dealer sin hard drugs discarded.
1981
Consultant Moeller andGroenborg recruited to make a plan for the future use of the area.
1982
Christianites "conquered" Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmoe in response to a general agitation against Christiania.November 26. considered the parliament a draft resolutionon the imposition of Christiania.
It was not adopted.
1985
Parliament passed to establish a special committee on Christiania's future.
1986
May 6. 1986 it delivered its report and also agreed that parliament would set upa "special steering commitee.
Christiania publishes the report "Voila", a draw back that Christiania is able to maintain and sustain common institutions.
1987
The government comes with an action plan for the legalization of Christiania.
The establishment of a steering group to facilitate the contact between Christiania and the state.
March 31. was the Special Steering Group set upconsisting of Tine Bryld, Pia Kioerboe, Ib Moeller and Alfred Dam (Chairman).
1989
Host houses in Christiania is closed by a police auction.
The Grey Hall brings together much of the new Danish hip hop scene.
The authorities are pushing to legalize city.April19. put the defense bill on the use of the Christiania area.
June 17. the proposal was enacted as Act No. 399th.
December 1. established the Special Defense Steering Council to replace the Special Steering Group and also was Christiania Secretariat created.
March 17., issued by Minister of the Environment Planning Decision Chrsitiania area.
1990
Defence Ministry publishes the text "Objectives and means for legalization of the Christiania area."
Christiania's residents turnout against the division of the area and the homes to be removed.
1991
January 29. authorized the Minister the final development plan for Christiania.
September 30. became the first framework agreement signed by Christiania Christiania's Contact. October 10., 1991 was the first framework agreement signed by Defence.
1992
Copenhagen Police launches campaign to cleanse the city of marijuana.
Establish a special Christiania Patrol, which monitors the area.
1993
The campaign "Week 12 against violence" is established. This will create awareness of police brutality in Christiania.
National Archives dioceses a special Christiania archives and records the history of Christiania.Christiania patrol repealed.
1994
Pusher Street dismantles work in protest against the failed drug policy.
The Minister of Justice and the world press visiting Freetown.
Police give up patrols on Christiania for a longer period.
1994 - 1998
Christiania celebrates its 25 anniversary with a big party-concerts, exhibitions and support the album "25 Years Birthday".
Carry out the initial consultation marijuana - the most extensive discussion of marijuana and hemp issues in the history of Denmark.The environmentformed skater.
2001
Normalization of Christiania is once again being discussed. Work is under way to build new homes with individual contracts for owning/ rentinghomes - ad eath sentence for the Freetown community, based on a collective right of use.
2002
The government requires that Christiania downplays marijuana market.
2003
Five dayswith concerts, dances.
Christiania awarded a diploma for the district's efforts to create and develop an alternative housing.
May 6., the government presented "Report on Christiania" regarding the implementation of new policies in Christiania and by extension, Christiania Committee was established.
2004
New Christiania Act is adopted.
Hashstalls removed and 56 individuals associated with marijuana marketis arrested.
The campaign "Keep Christiania" started and jerseys with the same wording is a nationwide phenomenon.
2004 - 2008
Christiania get a lawyer to hel pensure the Freetown Government.
Freetown now make the strongest negotiating team represented by all parts of the Free town community.
2009Christiania loses actions for having established itself in the field (occupancy and property), as High Court does not believe this is the case.
2011
Supreme Court judgment from 2009. Freetown residents have offered to buy the area of the state - people shares are put up for sale.
40 year anniversary.
2012
The Fund has collected 6.6 million crowns.
FROM 1836 to 1971 the name of the area was Baadsmandsstraede or Princess Street Barracks
- there was a barracks from 1836, located in Baadsmandsstraede in Christians Harbour.
Baadsmandsstraede Barracks, 1836
Baadsmandsstraede Barracks 1935Barracks 34-acre area is bounded in part by Christians Harbour ramparts (Nyværk).
Baadsmandsstraede Barracks housed the King's Artillery Regiment and the Army Materiel Command's Recruit School Munition arsenal and in a shorter period Lifeguard company. In the surrounding neighborhood are several military facilities, including munitionsarsenal. Like the barracks, they have not been in military use since 1968. The area was already military buildings in the form of powder magazines on Christians Harbour's Ramparts from 1600 - and 1700's. The first building was erected on the barracks area, was very long barracks building (1835-37) in the classical style, which still exist, now called the "Peace Ark". Only half of the planned building was erected and the building was never complete and therefore - contrary intention - are asymmetrical.
Among the oldest buildings is an hay barn, now called "The Opera" (1830, possibly by the engineer lieutenant Nickolin) The green Hall (riding stables from 1847, protected)
Landetatens Laboratory 1915, now called Dandelion and
Landetatens Laboratory, called Dandelion, similar to the Spartan architecture, one can found in the Danish West Indies (1845-47, protected). In addition, The Grey Hall (1853, moved from Holck Bastion at the rampart, rebuilt 1891, protected) and the three storage houses of wood ("Laden, Loen and Pig Trail") recorded in the period between the Schleswig wars of 1852-53 and moved from the ramparts Terrain to Landetatens Laboratory in the period 1878-1886. Artillery Magazine at Princess Street (now "The Flea", protected) is from 1863 and designed by J.H. Nebelong in Romanesque.
Landetatens Laboratories main magazine, now "Multi House" (1871 by engineer Captain Petersen, conservation) is also in the Romanesque, as does the
The Moonfisher cluster of factory buildings ("factory", "Moonfisher" and "Bath and Health House") in the vicinity.
Health HouseThe plant consists of a workshop building to the lab, boiler and engine house built 1887, designed by A. Kohl.
Workshop building was later increased from 2 to 3 floors.
The Lion House
"Lion House" near was originally officer housing and included 1891 in red brick in contrast to the yellow brick buildings that characterize the old barracks.
The area is now called the "Milkway" (1886-87), consists of 6 originally identical two-story barracks buildings, barracks and stables at the top bottom. Similarly, "Psyak" a number of barracks, also arranged in a grid pattern. Both groups of buildings are now much rebuilt.During Operation Safari, 29. August 1943 German troops attacked the Danish military installations, including Baadsmandsstraede Barracks. The billeted strength consisted of approx. 25 commissioned officers and privates (auxiliary troops, reserve and reserve artisans craft pupils). At 4:20AM Germans blew up the barracks gate with a warhead. After the shoot we managed to get a connection with the Germans, and the barracks was then, as orders had previously been obtained in general command, under protest handed to the driver of the German force, which was between 100 and 200 men. It is also here at the barracks that the legal showdown against the Freikorps returned Denmark-people had its end in the form of executions of nearly 100 Danish officers. The same applied to the Danes, who had exercised terror against the civilian population on behalf of the Germans, that is.Members of HIPO, Peter Group, Birkedal Group and Lorenzen group.
The buildings were occupied in september 1971 and the area has since been known as Freetown Christiania. Large parts of the old building stock, including The Grey Hall and Green Hall is still intact, and have protected status. Some buildings had already been listed since 1974, including "The Flea", but Christiania Act of 1989 abolished both the building and landscape preservation lawsvalidity of the Freetown area. The Act on the normalization of Christiania in 2003 became the law once again put in force,and in 2007 and 2008 were 14 buildings listed.
Christiania area's history
Copenhagen's fortifications 1100-1600Copenhagen's sea and land fortifications, which can be traced back to the 1100-century medieval fortresses, is a unique building in the European context - especially the combination of sea and land fortifications are unique. Fortification is a combined system consisting of a semicircular land fortifications, where citadel in the north today is newly renovated, and the fortifications around the town center can only be recognizable in the park lakes, and the semicircular lake fortification, where ramparts, all bastions redan's and tombs still can be experienced.Lake fortifications - Christians Harbours rampart from the latter half of the 1600s - is one of the most monumental ancient monuments, a magnificent piece of architecture which, despite its size and location in the metropolitan area and in spite of the growing settlements in recent years appear remarkably intact.
One of the first bridges to Christianshavn (Christiansharbour) 1647
Throughout the 1600s, Copenhagen fortification modernized and expanded several times to protect the city, which at that time was a dominant commercial and administrative center for the Danish-Norwegian monarchy.
In 1616 was the first plans for a new fortified town on Amager ready, and in 1617 accounted engineer Johan Semp the first proposal. This did not happen, but already in December of that year had Johan Semp sign another plan, which was the basis for the first Christians Harbour.
To get money for the project announced the king an extra tax, and to provide clients with the new Christians Harbour, which was partly under water, were the reasons given away, and future clients were exempt from various taxes in a number of years.
Already in 1623 the fortifications were completed, while the expansion of Christians Habour was somewhat slower.
"Nyvaerk" = "New work"
As a continuation of the fortifications were Christianharbour's defense wall in 1682-92 extended northwards in the construction of "Nyvaerk."
The new fortifications went from Lion's Bastion in the south, between Market Street and Baadsmandsstraede to Hukken in the north. Hukken was part of the Refshale area which was surrounded by a pile lock for the protection of royal navy. Hukken was associated with customs house via a bridge.
With this latest expansion of the rampart was the waterfront between the Citadel and Bremerholm protected, Copenhagen fortification was completed and the fortification surrounded now Copenhagen completely.
The seven bastions are from south Ulriks bastion, Sofie Hedevigs Bastion, William's Bastion, Carls Bastion, Frederiks Bastion, Charlotte Amalie's Bastion and Quintus Bastion.
In front of the bastions was naturally a moat, and in front was again in the years 1777-80 Enveloppen - a narrow rampart with 6 redans (small arrow-shaped protrusions on the rampart) brought. The five southernmost bastions and the five northernmost of redans is now part of Christiania.
Copenhagen fortifications, 1728
2 kommentarer fra gæster, en god og en dårlig.
2 comments by guests, a good and a bad.Jeg har været i Christiania én gang.
Jeg er ikke afhængig af narko, jeg ryger ikke hash, og jeg er ikke meget glad for narkotika, men jeg holder af Christiania på grund af følelsen.
Det er et cool, roligt sted med venlige indbyggere og for en gangs skyld følte jeg mig som en voksen.
Ingen dømte mig eller sådan noget.
Jeg vil helt sikkert komme igen en dag.
Mere kærlighed fra Stockholm, Kalle Jularbo.
I've been to Christiania only once.
I'm not a drugaddict, I dont smoke weed and I'm not very fond of narcotics but I did like Christiania because of the feeling.
Its a cool, calm place, friendly inhabitants and for once I felt like a grown up.
Nobody judging me or anything like that.
I will definitively go there again some day.
More love from Stockholm, Kalle Jularbo.Held og lykke Dutchgoing.
Mig min mand og min bror vi bliver slået ned for at holde en iPhone og lave en lydoptagelse af forhandlerne i gaden og min iPhone til 500 pund blev smadret i tusind stykker, ikke materialistisk, jeg er bare ikke lavet af penge, jeg er 33 og jeg har ikke nogen at af mig personalet, da de ikke gør frihed til at ødelægge andre folks ejendom, og endnu mere dårligt, når det var en optagelse hvorfor mangler min halskæde lige efter at jeg gik i jorden, fordi 1 af 8 fyre slår mig i hovedet?
Frihed er der ikke der, ANA.
(Svært at oversætte ordentligt)
Good luck Dutchgoing.
Me my husband and my brother we get beaten up for holding an iPhone and recording throw the dealers street and my iPhone for 500£ smashed on thousand pieces, not materialistic, I'm just not made of money, I'm 33 and I don't have nobody to by me staff as they don't freedom of breaking other people's property and even more bad, if is it for recording why is my necklaces missing straight after going on the ground because 1 of 8 guys punch me in head? FREEDOM IS NOT THERE, ANA.
As a continuation of the fortifications were Christianharbour's defense wall in 1682-92 extended northwards in the construction of "Nyvaerk."
The new fortifications went from Lion's Bastion in the south, between Market Street and Baadsmandsstraede to Hukken in the north. Hukken was part of the Refshale area which was surrounded by a pile lock for the protection of royal navy. Hukken was associated with customs house via a bridge.
With this latest expansion of the rampart was the waterfront between the Citadel and Bremerholm protected, Copenhagen fortification was completed and the fortification surrounded now Copenhagen completely.
The seven bastions are from south Ulriks bastion, Sofie Hedevigs Bastion, William's Bastion, Carls Bastion, Frederiks Bastion, Charlotte Amalie's Bastion and Quintus Bastion.
In front of the bastions was naturally a moat, and in front was again in the years 1777-80 Enveloppen - a narrow rampart with 6 redans (small arrow-shaped protrusions on the rampart) brought. The five southernmost bastions and the five northernmost of redans is now part of Christiania.
Copenhagen fortifications, 1728
2 kommentarer fra gæster, en god og en dårlig.
2 comments by guests, a good and a bad.Jeg har været i Christiania én gang.
Jeg er ikke afhængig af narko, jeg ryger ikke hash, og jeg er ikke meget glad for narkotika, men jeg holder af Christiania på grund af følelsen.
Det er et cool, roligt sted med venlige indbyggere og for en gangs skyld følte jeg mig som en voksen.
Ingen dømte mig eller sådan noget.
Jeg vil helt sikkert komme igen en dag.
Mere kærlighed fra Stockholm, Kalle Jularbo.
I've been to Christiania only once.
I'm not a drugaddict, I dont smoke weed and I'm not very fond of narcotics but I did like Christiania because of the feeling.
Its a cool, calm place, friendly inhabitants and for once I felt like a grown up.
Nobody judging me or anything like that.
I will definitively go there again some day.
More love from Stockholm, Kalle Jularbo.Held og lykke Dutchgoing.
Mig min mand og min bror vi bliver slået ned for at holde en iPhone og lave en lydoptagelse af forhandlerne i gaden og min iPhone til 500 pund blev smadret i tusind stykker, ikke materialistisk, jeg er bare ikke lavet af penge, jeg er 33 og jeg har ikke nogen at af mig personalet, da de ikke gør frihed til at ødelægge andre folks ejendom, og endnu mere dårligt, når det var en optagelse hvorfor mangler min halskæde lige efter at jeg gik i jorden, fordi 1 af 8 fyre slår mig i hovedet?
Frihed er der ikke der, ANA.
(Svært at oversætte ordentligt)
Good luck Dutchgoing.
Me my husband and my brother we get beaten up for holding an iPhone and recording throw the dealers street and my iPhone for 500£ smashed on thousand pieces, not materialistic, I'm just not made of money, I'm 33 and I don't have nobody to by me staff as they don't freedom of breaking other people's property and even more bad, if is it for recording why is my necklaces missing straight after going on the ground because 1 of 8 guys punch me in head? FREEDOM IS NOT THERE, ANA.
Pressegruppen - The Press group
Mail: capressgroup@gmail.comTlf.: +45 7020 1971
Nyt Forum - information office
Information og arkiv - Information og archivemail: nytforum@christiania.org
Tlf.: +45 3295 6507
Økonomikontoret - The economy office
Håndterer Christianias fælles økonomi -Handle the collective economy of Christiania.
Mail: okonomi@christiania.org
Tlf.: +45 3257 1785
Rundvisninger - Guided Tours
Bliv rundvist af en christianit og få et indblik i vores lille bysamfund og dets historie -Take a tour with a christianite and get the insider story of our little community and it's historywww.rundvisergruppen.dkMail: bestilling @ rundvisergruppen.dk
Tlf.: +45 3257 9670
Ugespejlet - Weekly Mirror
Christiania avis - local newspaperUdkommer hver fredag.
Deadline onsdag kl. 16.00 hos indkøberen (postkasse)
Mail: ugespejl@hotmail.com
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